terça-feira, 23 de fevereiro de 2010

Pirataria marítima na era da globalização

(a imagem aumenta quando se clica em cima dela)
os drakes de hoje são chungas, não sirs, passam fome, não se embebedam com rum.

como explica Moisés Naìm, editor da Foreign Policy ["Illicit Networks Operate at the Frontiers of Globalization", entrevista ao The Brown Journal of World Affairs, Fall/Winter 2009, Vol XVI (1), pp: 179-183], quando interrogado sobre a modern piracy.

It is important to understand that the Somali pirates provide a prism trough which one can see larger issues, larger global trends that have created them.
(...)
One trend is state failure
(...)
Second is environmental degradation. Originally, many of the Somali pirates used to be fishermen who are no longer able to make a living; the seas in that area have been almost depleted due to overfishing by large, modern foreign fleets coming from Spain, Japan, Taiwan, and other fishing superpowers. environmental degradation is also a factor in that lawless Somalia has been used as a dumping ground for all kinds os toxic wate discarded by companies in other countries. The international trade in toxic wate is one of the trades I discuss in Illicit and is a major and booming business. Tha lack of alternatives has created these very lucrative opportunities for somali fishermen turned pirates who are allied with warlords, which is to hijack these ships.
The other global trend epitomized by the Somali pirate phenomenon is asymetric war and conflict. There are now warships from China, the United States, several NATO countries, and from Russia and Ukraine patrolling the waters plied by the Somali pirates; some of them are among the most sophisticated battleships ever built. and yes, they cannot completely stamp out some former fishermen in fast boats with outboard motors who are capable os hijacking some of the world's largest and more modern ships - supertankers, huge containers ships, and others. Asymetric war and conflicts, failed states, environmental degradation are some of the important factors that need to be taken in account. Plus inequality and poverty - the GDP per capita in Somalia is $600 per year, which means that each Somali makes about $2 a day. Each one of the hijacking in the high seas yields tens of millions of dollars. These are powerful incentives for desperately poor people. It is useful to put the Somali pirates in a larger context.



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